Abstract: In order to study the efficacy of Yanning C1 in improving the production performance and meat quality of 63d commercial broiler chickens. 300 healthy 1-day-old AA broiler chickens with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 2 treatments, with 5 replicates per treatment and 30 chickens per replicate (see Table 1). Treatment 1: Control group, broiler chickens were fed a regular diet (NRC recommended nutritional level) without adding any antibiotics to the diet; Treatment 2 supplemented with Yanning C1 at a dose of 500 mg/kg on the same diet as Treatment 1. Experimental chicken cage feeding, feeding pellet feed, with consistent dietary composition and nutritional levels between treatments. Experiment 63d, randomly select 10 animals from each treatment (2 animals/replicate) for slaughter experiments, take samples of chest muscle, leg muscle, and liver, and determine meat production performance and quality. The measurement results indicate that:
Production performance: Supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly reduced the mortality rate of broiler chickens (P<0.05) and showed a trend of decreasing average daily feed intake (P=0.093). From a numerical comparison analysis, with the control group's various indicators as 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 increased the daily weight gain of broiler chickens by 1.29%, and reduced the average daily feed intake, feed to weight ratio, and mortality rate by 1.86%, 1.89%, and 37.41%, respectively.
Slaughter performance: Supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly increased leg muscle percentage at 63 days (P<0.05), but="" had="" no="" significant="" effect="" on="" other="" indicators="" p="">0.05). From a numerical comparison and analysis, with the control group's slaughter performance indicators set at 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 resulted in an increase of 1.86%, 2.52%, 6.91%, and 13.96% in full bore rate, half bore rate, chest muscle rate, and leg muscle rate, respectively, and a decrease of 24.68% in abdominal fat rate.
Meat color index: Supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly increased the redness value (a value) and yellowness value (b value) of chest muscles (P<0.05). there="" was="" no="" significant="" effect="" on="" the="" brightness="" value="" l="" and="" meat="" color="" score="" p="">0.05). Comparing and analyzing numerically, with the control group's various indicators at 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 resulted in a 5.28% decrease in L value, and an increase of 61.54%, 31.06%, and 23.81% in a value, b value, and meat color score, respectively.
Antioxidant performance: Supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly increased leg muscle GSH activity (P<0.05), and showed a trend of increasing chest muscle GSH activity (P=0.061) and SOD activity (P=0.097). From a numerical comparison analysis, with the control group's various indicators as 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 resulted in a 14.93% and 8.57% decrease in MDA content, 21% and 26.2% increase in GSH activity, and 9.25% and 5.27% increase in SOD activity in the chest and leg muscles, respectively.
Muscle and liver vitamin reserves: Supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly increased the vitamin E content in chest muscles (P<0.05) and="" showed="" a="" trend="" of="" increasing="" the="" vitamin="" e="" content="" in="" leg="" muscles="" p="" there="" was="" no="" significant="" effect="" on="" liver="">0.05). Comparing and analyzing numerically, with the control group's various indicators at 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 increased the vitamin E content in chest and leg muscles by 36.05% and 32.37%, respectively; The content of vitamin A in the liver decreased by 0.45%, while the content of vitamin E increased by 8.57%.
Keywords: Yanning C1, 63d commercial broiler chickens, production performance, slaughter performance, meat color, antioxidants, vitamin reserves
1. Materials and Methods
1.1 Test Materials
Yanning C1: A digestive stress additive formula mainly composed of complex enzymes. Provided by SD BIOTECH GROUP
1.2 Experimental animals and design
300 healthy 1-day-old AA broiler chickens with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 2 treatments, with 5 replicates per treatment and 30 chickens per replicate (see Table 1). Treatment 1: Control group, broiler chickens were fed a regular diet (NRC recommended nutritional level) without adding any antibiotics to the diet; Treatment 2 supplemented with Yanning C1 at a dose of 500 mg/kg on the same diet as Treatment 1.
1.3 Experimental diet
Temporary shortage (regular diet for commercial broiler chickens in Shandong Province)
1.4 Test Method
Feeding experiment: The experiment is divided into two stages: broiler chickens (0-21d), broiler chickens (22-42d), and broiler chickens (42-63d). Experimental chicken cage feeding with powdered feed.
Slaughter experiment: 63 days of experimental chickens, with 10 randomly selected from each treatment (2 chickens/replicate). Conduct slaughter experiments.
1.5 Measurement indicators
Production performance: Record daily feed intake and weigh for 63 days. Calculate the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed to gain ratio. Record mortality rate
Meat production performance: At 63 days, 10 chickens were slaughtered for each treatment, and the meat production performance (net bore rate, semi net bore rate, leg muscle rate, chest muscle rate, etc.) was measured;
Meat color index: At 63 days, 10 chickens were slaughtered for each treatment, chest muscles were taken, and meat color indices (L, a, b) were measured;
Antioxidant performance: At 63 days, 10 chickens were slaughtered for each treatment, and chest and leg muscles were collected to measure antioxidant performance (SOD, GSH, MDA);
Vitamin reserve: At 63 days, 10 chickens were slaughtered for each treatment, and the chest muscle, leg muscle, and liver were collected to determine the vitamin content.
1.6 Data statistics and analysis
The data was analyzed using SAS 9.2 software, and Duncan's multiple range test was used to compare the mean values, with a significance level of p<0.05.
2. Results and Analysis
2.1 Comparative analysis of production performance
The effect of supplementing 500 mg/kg of Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens on the 63 day production performance is shown in Table 2. The analysis of variance showed that supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly reduced the mortality rate of broiler chickens (P<0.05), and there was a trend of reducing the average daily feed intake (P=0.093). From a numerical comparison analysis, with the control group's various indicators as 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 increased the daily weight gain of broiler chickens by 1.29%, and reduced the average daily feed intake, feed to weight ratio, and mortality rate by 1.86%, 1.89%, and 37.41%, respectively. It can be seen that adding Yanning C1 to the diet of 63d commercial broiler chickens can reduce the low feed to weight ratio under low feed intake conditions, increase feed efficiency, and improve the survival rate of broiler chickens.
2.2 Comparative analysis of slaughter performance
The effect of supplementing 500 mg/kg of Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens on slaughter performance at 63 days is shown in Table 3. Analysis of variance showed that supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly increased leg muscle percentage at 63 days (P<0.05), but="" had="" no="" significant="" effect="" on="" other="" indicators="" p="">0.05). From a numerical comparison and analysis, with the control group's slaughter performance indicators set at 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 resulted in an increase of 1.86%, 2.52%, 6.91%, and 13.96% in full bore rate, half bore rate, chest muscle rate, and leg muscle rate, respectively, and a decrease of 24.68% in abdominal fat rate.
2.3 Comparative analysis of chest muscle color
The effect of supplementing Yanning from 500 mg/kg in the diet of commercial broiler chickens on breast muscle color at 63 days is shown in Table 4. Analysis of variance showed that supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly increased the redness value (a value) and yellowness value (b value) of chest muscles (P<0.05). there="" was="" no="" significant="" effect="" on="" the="" brightness="" value="" l="" and="" meat="" color="" score="" p="">0.05). Comparing and analyzing numerically, with the control group's various indicators at 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 resulted in a 5.28% decrease in L value, and an increase of 61.54%, 31.06%, and 23.81% in a value, b value, and meat color score, respectively.
2.4 Comparative analysis of muscle antioxidant activity
The effect of supplementing 500 mg/kg of Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens on the antioxidant properties of breast and leg muscles at 63 days is shown in Table 5. Analysis of variance showed that supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly increased leg muscle GSH activity (P<0.05), and showed a trend of increasing chest muscle GSH activity (P=0.061) and SOD activity (P=0.097). From a numerical comparison analysis, with the control group's various indicators as 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 resulted in a 14.93% and 8.57% decrease in MDA content, 21% and 26.2% increase in GSH activity, and 9.25% and 5.27% increase in SOD activity in the chest and leg muscles, respectively.
Comparative analysis of muscle and liver vitamin reserves
The effect of supplementing 500 mg/kg of Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens on the antioxidant performance of muscle and liver at 63 days is shown in Table 6. Analysis of variance showed that supplementing with Yanning C1 in the diet of commercial broiler chickens significantly increased the vitamin E content in breast muscles (P<0.05), and="" there="" was="" a="" trend="" of="" increasing="" the="" vitamin="" e="" content="" in="" leg="" muscles="" p="" no="" significant="" effect="" on="" liver="">0.05). Comparing and analyzing numerically, with the control group's various indicators at 100%, supplementing with Yanning C1 increased the vitamin E content in chest and leg muscles by 36.05% and 32.37%, respectively; The content of vitamin A in the liver decreased by 0.45%, while the content of vitamin E increased by 8.57%.
3. Conclusion
Compared with the control group,
Adding Yanning C1 to the diet of commercial broiler chickens can reduce the feed to weight ratio of broiler chickens for 63 days under low feed intake conditions, increase feed efficiency, and improve the survival rate of broiler chickens, thereby increasing breeding income.
Adding Yanning C1 to the diet of commercial broiler chickens can improve the meat production performance of 63 day old chickens, increasing the full bore rate, half bore rate, chest muscle rate, and leg muscle rate by 1.86%, 2.52%, 6.91%, and 13.96%, respectively, and reducing abdominal fat rate by 24.68%;
Adding Yanning C1 to the diet of commercial broiler chickens resulted in a high meat color score, significantly increased redness value, and increased myoglobin content in breast muscles.
Adding Yanning C1 to the diet of commercial broiler chickens can improve the antioxidant performance of breast and leg muscles and prolong muscle shelf life by reducing MDA content and increasing SOD and GSH activity.
The addition of Yanning C1 to the diet of 3.5 commercial broiler chickens significantly improved the vitamin E reserves in chest and leg muscles, with increases of 36.05% and 32.37%, respectively. The vitamin E content in the liver also increased by 8.57%, but the vitamin A content decreased by 0.45%.
In summary, adding Yanning C1 to the diet of commercial broiler chickens improved their meat production performance after 63 days. At the same time, by improving meat color, antioxidant properties, and vitamin reserves, high-quality (non resistant, nutritious, good meat color, long shelf life) muscle quality was obtained.
Table 1 Experimental Design
Handle | Yanning C1,mg/kg | Repeat | Chicken count/Repetition | Total number of chickens |
1 | 0 | 5 | 30 | 150 |
2 | 500 | 5 | 30 | 150 |
Amount to | 300 |
Table 2: Effects of Yanning C1 on the Production Performance of 63d Commercial Broiler Chickens
Handle | ADFI，g/d | ADG，g/d | F/G | Dead Taobao rate,% |
Control group | 63.54 | 126.60 | 1.98 | 2.92 |
Yanning C1 | 64.35 | 124.24 | 1.94 | 1.83 |
SEM | 0.231 | 0.617 | 0.010 | 0.299 |
P-value | 0.114 | 0.093 | 0.105 | 0.047 |
Compared to others,% | ||||
Control group | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
Yanning C1 | 101.29 | 98.14 | 98.11 | 62.59 |
Table 3: Effect of Yanning C1 on Slaughtering Performance of 63d Commercial Broiler Chickens
Handle | Full bore rate,% | Half bore rate,% | Pectoral muscle rate,% | Leg muscle rate,% | Abdominal fat percentage,% |
Control group | 79.72 | 89.15 | 28.45 | 15.44 | 1.56 |
Yanning C1 | 81.2 | 91.39 | 30.41 | 17.59 | 1.17 |
SEM | 0.556 | 0.564 | 0.35 | 0.432 | 0.305 |
P-value | 0.622 | 0.351 | 0.749 | 0.04 | 0.152 |
Compared to others,% | |||||
Control group | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Yanning C1 | 101.86 | 102.52 | 106.91 | 113.96 | 75.32 |
Table 4: The effect of Yanning C1 on the color of breast muscle in 63d commercial broiler chickens
Handle | L Value | a Value | b Value | Meat color rating |
Control group | 54.9 | 1.95 | 9.9 | 1.93 |
Yanning C1 | 52 | 3.15 | 12.98 | 2.39 |
SEM | 0.52 | 0.901 | 0.602 | 0.173 |
P-value | 0.917 | 0.008 | 0.041 | 0.562 |
Compared to others,% | ||||
Control group | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Yanning C1 | 94.72 | 161.54 | 131.06 | 123.81 |
Table 5: The effect of Yanning C1 on muscle antioxidant activity in 63d commercial broiler chickens
Handle | Pectoral | Leg muscle | ||||
MDA content,nmol/ml | GSH,μmol/L | SOD,U/mL | MDA content,nmol/ml | GSH,μmol/L | SOD,U/mL | |
Control group | 0.59 | 27.28 | 42.42 | 2.1 | 94.45 | 64.85 |
Yanning C1 | 0.51 | 33.01 | 46.35 | 1.92 | 119.21 | 68.27 |
SEM | 0.05 | 2.518 | 0.613 | 0.555 | 5.481 | 1.985 |
P-value | 0.55 | 0.061 | 0.097 | 0.984 | 0.022 | 0.93 |
Compared to others,% | ||||||
Control group | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Yanning C1 | 85.07 | 121 | 109.25 | 91.43 | 126.2 | 105.27 |
Table 6: Effects of Yanning C1 on Vitamin Reserves in Muscle and Liver of 63d Commercial Broiler Chickens
Handle | Pectoral | eg muscle | Liver | |
VE（mg/kg) | VE（mg/kg) | VA（IU/kg) | VE（mg/kg) | |
Control group | 42.65 | 31.78 | 276297.2 | 53.36 |
Yanning C1 | 58.03 | 42.06 | 275061.2 | 57.93 |
SEM | 2.227 | 1.555 | 1.34 | 3.835 |
p-value | 0.038 | 0.064 | 0.718 | 0.45 |
Compared to others,% | ||||
Control group | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Yanning C1 | 136.05 | 132.37 | 99.55 | 108.57 |
